Tšebeliso ea steroid e tsoela pele ho sa tsotellehe Likotsi tsa Bophelo ho Baatlelete
Meriana e atisang ho bitsoa steroids e ka hlalosoa e le banabolic (anabolic-androgenic) steroids kapa corticosteroids. Corticosteroids, e kang cortisone kapa prednisone ke lithethefatsi tseo hangata lingaka li li laelang ho thusa ho laola ho ruruha 'meleng. Corticosteroids ha e tšoane le li-steroid tsa anabolic tse atisang ho amahanngoa le tšebeliso e seng molaong lipapaling.
Anabolic Steroids
Steroids ea li- anabolic ( anabolic-androgenic steroids ) ke liphetolelo tsa li-hormone tsa testosterone tsa banna. Ke sehlopha sa lithethefatsi tse fumanehang ka molao feela ka lengolo la ngaka 'me li laeloa hore li phekole maemo a fapa-fapaneng a bakang tahlehelo ea mesifa ea mesifa.
Tšebeliso e sa sebelisoeng ka bongaka ea anabolic steroids e khahlanong le molao ebile e thibetsoe ke mekhatlo e mengata ea lipapali tse khōlō. Ka January 2005, Molao oa "Control Anterolic Steroid Control Act" o ile oa fetoloa ka Molao oa Lintho tse Laoloang o ileng oa eketsa li-anabolic steroids le prohormones (pele ho hormone) lethathamong la lintho tse laoloang le ho etsa hore lintho li be tlōlo ea molao. Leha ho le joalo, baatlelete ba bang ba tsoela pele ho li sebelisa ka molao ho sa tsotellehe bopaki ba hore ho li sebelisa ka tsela ena ho ka baka mathata a mangata a bophelo bo botle.
Kamoo ba Sebetsang Kateng
Steroids ea li-anabolic ke lihlahisoa tsa testosterone tse thusang 'mele hore o fokolise liprotheine tse nang le lithethefatsi le ho etsa hore ho be le mesifa ea masapo.
Li boetse li lieha ho khathala 'me li ka etsa hore motho a ikutloe a thabile.
Li-steroids tse atisang ho sebelisoa
- Androstenedione (Andro) : Andro ke steroid ea moqapi e atisang ho buuoa kamanong le baatlelete, le hoja ho na le bopaki bo fokolang ba saense bo tšehetsang katleho ea eona ho ntlafatsa tshebetso ea lipapali. Andro ke supplement e entsoeng ka hormone ea tlhaho ea tlhaho. Ka 2004, US Administration le Drug Administration e thibetse ho rekisoa ha Andro ka lebaka la bopaki bo ntseng bo eketseha bo bontšang likotsi tse tebileng tsa bophelo ho ba sebelisang thepa.
- Primobolan (Methenolone): Steroid e hanetsoeng e 'nile ea amahanngoa le libapali tse' maloa tsa Major League Baseball, ho akarelletsa le Alex Rodriguez. E ka kenngoa kapa e kenngoa ka foromo ea li-tablet. Primobolan e 'nile ea e-ba steroid e tummeng har'a baatlelete hobane e haha matla ntle le mesifa e mengata ebile e se na litla-morao tse ngata tsa steroids tse ling.
- Tetrahydrogestrinone (THG): THG ke e 'ngoe ea steroid ea moqapi e nang le lik'hemik'hale tse tšoanang le tse ling ho li-steroids tse thibetsoeng. Ho bonahala eka THG e entsoe ka ho khetheha e ke ke ea fumanoa ka liteko tsa doping. FDA e thibetse ho rekisoa ha THG ka 2003, e re e ne e sa tlatsetsa empa e le lithethefatsi tse sa amohelehang, tse etsang hore ho rekisoe kapa ho e sebelisa e seng molaong.
- Clenbuterol : Clenbuterol (Clen) ke motho ea khethollang beta-2 ea agonist / mohanyetsi le ea bronchodilator ka linako tse ling a behiloeng bakeng sa ho thibela lefu la pulmonary disease. Joaloka anabolic steroids, e ka eketsa mesifa ea mesifa, empa hape e na le litla-morao tse tebileng.
- DHEA: DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) ke mokhoa oa tlhaho oa steroid prohormone o hlahisoang ke litšoelesa tsa adrenal. 'Mele o fetola DHEA ho li-hormone tsa banna le tsa basali (estrogen le testosterone). DHEA li-supplement li 'nile tsa rekisoa e le li-supplement-anti-aging empa li etsa lipatlisiso ka nako ena. DHEA li-supplement li ile tsa tlosoa marakeng a US ka 1985 'me tsa fumaneha feela ka lengolo la ngaka. Ka nako eo DHEA e ile ea boela ea tsosolosoa e le tlatsetso ea phepo e nepahetseng ka 1994 kamora ho fetisoa ha Dietary Supplement Health le Education Act. DHEA e ntse e nkoa e le ntho e thibetsoeng ke mekhatlo e mengata ea lipapali le baatlelete ba hlokomelisoa ka tšebeliso ea eona.
Mefuta e meng e thibelitsoeng ea Steroids
Li-steroids tsa li-anabolic li thibetsoe ke lihlopha tsohle tse khōlō tsa lipapali tse akarelletsang Liolimpiki, NBA, NHL, le NFL. Lekala la Lefatše le khahlanong le Doping (WADA) le boloka lethathamo le pharaletseng la lintho tsohle tse thibetsoeng ho ntlafatsa mosebetsi. Tse ling li kenyeletsa tse latelang:
Oral Steroids
- Anadrol (oxymetholone)
- Oxandrin (oxandrolone)
- Dianabol (methandrostenolone)
- Winstrol (stanozolol)
Injectable Steroids
- Deca-Durabolin (nandrolone decanoate)
- Durabolin (nandrolone phenpropionate)
- Depo-Testosterone (testosterone cypionate)
- Equipoise (boldenone undecylenate)
Lebaka Leo baatlelete ba li nkang
Ho sebelisoa ha banabolic steroid har'a baatlelete ho na le tšepo ea ho ntlafatsa tshebetso.
Le hoja ho hlahlojoa lithethefatsi ho atile, ho na le lithethefatsi tse ncha tse entsoeng ka ho khetheha e le hore li se ke tsa fumanoa. Leha ho le joalo, theknoloji e tsoela pele ho iphetola, mali le metsoako ea motsoako lilemong tse fetileng pejana ba khutlisetsoa morao ka saense e ncha le ho pepesetsa baatlelete ba neng ba sebelisa lintho tse seng molaong nakong e fetileng.
Kamoo ba Nkiloeng Kateng
Li-steroid li nkoa ka foromo kapa lipilisi. Difomo e tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa e etsoa ka libeke tse ngata kapa likhoeli, ka khefu e khutšoanyane pakeng tsa. Sena se bitsoa "libaesekele." "Ho reka" ho bolela ho sebelisoa ha mefuta e mengata ea li-steroid ka nako e le 'ngoe. "Ho etsa phomolo," ho kenyelletsa butle-butle ho phahamisa palo, palo, kapa makhetlo a mangata a steroid ho fihla tlhōrōng ebe joale butle-butle ho fokotsa palo le khafetsa ea lithethefatsi.
Meri e nkiloeng ke ba hlekefetsang ba steroid e atisa ho ba makhetlo a 10 ho isa ho a 100 ho feta a neng a tla be a sebelisoa meriana bakeng sa tšebeliso e nepahetseng.
Likotsi tsa Bophelo
Ho na le likotsi tse ngata tsa bophelo bo botle ba ho sebelisoa le ho hlekefetsoa ha anabolic steroids, ho kenyelletsa le tse latelang.
Liphello ho Banna
- ho hloka matla
- tsoelopele ea matsoele
- ho fokotseha ha li-testicles
- lebala la banna-mohlala
- matla acne le cysts
Liphello ho Basali
- Lentsoe le tebileng
- ho eketsa clitoris
- ho hōla ho hoholo ha moriri oa 'mele
- lebala la banna-mohlala
- matla acne le cysts
Liphello Tse ling
- khōlo e liehang ho bacha
- ho phatloha ha litapole
- eketseha LDL k'holeseterole
- e theohile k'holeseterole ea HDL
- khatello ea mali e phahameng
- ho hlaseloa ke pelo
- ho atolosoa ha ventricle ea pelo e setseng
- kankere
- jaundice
- ho boloka metsi
- HIV / AIDS
- hepatitis
- "khalefo e tukang" - khalefo le pefo
- mania
- likhohlano
Ho khaotsa
Baatlelete ba sebelisang steroid ba ka ba le matšoao a ho tlohela ha ba tlohela. Matšoao ao a kenyelletsa ho fetoha maikutlo, ho tepella maikutlo, mokhathala le ho halefa, ho lahleheloa ke takatso ea lijo, ho hlobaela, le ho hlekefetsoa. Ho tepella maikutlong ho ka ba ha lebisa boitekong ba ho ipolaea, haeba bo sa sebetsoe.
Mohloli:
Setsi sa Sechaba sa Tlhekefetso ea Lithethefatsi (NIDA), Ts'oaetso ea Steroid le Addiction, August 2006.