Phapang pakeng tsa Mafura a Nahaneng le a Fully Hydrogenated
Mohlomong u 'nile ua utloa hype ka mafura a hydrogenated. Ho bolela eng haeba mafura a haelloa ke hydrogenated kapa a sa kenngoa hantle ka hydrogenated? Na ke ntho e tšoanang le mafura a mangata le a polyunsaturated? Lihlahisoa tsa mochine li tsamaisana kae?
U hloka eng ho tseba ka mafura, tse ntle le tse mpe, e le hore u iketsetse liqeto tse bohlale tsa ho iphelisa le ba lelapa la hao?
Ho utloisisa Hydrogenation ea Fat
Hydrogenation ke mokhoa oo hydrogen e qobelloang ho o chesetsa oli ea limela ka ho sebelisa motsoako o kang nickel. Ho qobella ha hydrogen ka oli ho fetisa lik'hemik'hale ho tloha mokelikeli ho ea ho sebopeho se tiileng. Oli e ka ba ea hydrogenated kapa e feletseng hydrogenated. Lihlahisoa tse peli le ka botlalo tsa hydrogenated li nkoa e le mafura a mangata.
U ka 'na ua botsa hore na ke hobane'ng ha moetsi oa lijo a ka batla ho fetola mafura ka tsela ena. Sena se tla hlaka haholoanyane ha re hlalosa mantsoe ana ka tlase, empa e 'ngoe ea mabaka a mantlha ke ho fetola ts'ebetso ea sehlahisoa. Lebaka le leng ke ho eketsa bophelo ba shelf.
Hydrogenation e itseng
Mafura a hydrogenated karolong e nang le oli a na le mafura a transmese a fanang ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng oa bo-butter. Lihlahisoa tsa lijo li ka sebelisa oli e sa sebelisetsoeng hamonate ka lijo tse sebelisoang, lihlahisoa tse halikiloeng le margarine e khomarelang hobane e nka nako e telele ho feta oli e fapaneng 'me e fana ka lijo tse entsoeng ka likhapa.
Mafura a hydrogenated ka 'ngoe a se a sa amohelehe ka lebaka la mafura a trans e bōpiloeng ke mokhoa oa hydrogenation. Karolo e utloisang bohloko ke hore oli qalong e ne e nkoa e le mefuta e meng e phelisang hantle ea mafura a mangata, a mang a eona a amanang le lefu la pelo le kotsi.
Empa ho hlakile hore lihlahisoa tsa trans li mpe haholo ho feta mafura a tletseng.
Mefuta e fetisitsoeng e fumanoang ka mafura a mangata a haedrojene e phahamisa LDL ea hau ea k'holeseterole (mofuta o mobe) ebe o theola likarolo tsa hau tsa HDL tsa cholesterol (mofuta o motle) ka nako e le 'ngoe. Kahoo ho ja dihlahisoa tse fetisisang ho hlahisa kotsi ea ho ba le lefu la pelo le stroke. E boetse e amana le ho ntshetsa pele lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2.
Ho futhumatsa le ho sebelisa mahlaseli a mangata a hydrogenated e ka boela ea e-ba bothata, ka lipatlisiso tse bontšang hore tekanyo ea li-trans tsa fatše e eketseha ha mafura a mangata a hydrogenated a futhumetse ho isa ho 180 ho isa ho 220 F. Ha ho tsotellehe hore na mokhoa oa ho futhumatsa o sebelisitsoe joang.
Lihlahisoa tsa li-trans li nkoa li le mpe hoo li hlokang ho thathamisoa mabitso a Mahlale a Nutrition , 'me tšebeliso ea tsona e thibetsoe libakeng tse ling. Haeba o lula sebakeng seo ho sa hlokahale hore lijo li ngotsoe ka li-trans, sheba lentsoe "hydrogenated" kapa "karoloana ea hydrogenated" lebitsong.
Hygrogenation e feletseng
Mafura a feletseng a hydrogenating a etsa hore a tiee, a tšoanang le mafura a mangata a fumanehang nama. Lioli tsa Fully Hydrogenated li ka 'na tsa u tsoela molemo ho feta li-oli tse sa keneng hantle, empa re ke ke ra re li molemo bakeng sa bophelo bo botle-mohlomong ha bo kotsi haholo ke tsela e molemo ea ho e beha-hobane ha e na li-trans.
Mafura a feletseng a hydrogenated a tšoana haholo le samiti ea stearic, e leng mofuta o fokolang oa mafura a tletseng. Asiti ea Stearic ha e phahamisa LDL k'holeseterole, ebile e batla e tsitsitse, ka hona ho molemo bakeng sa tšebeliso ea kichineng.
Bothata ke hore oli ea hydrogenated ka botlalo e tiile ebile e tsitsitse, ka hona ba thata ho e sebelisa. Li ka kopantsoe ka oli ea polyunsaturated tse kang soya le oli ea soneblomo ka ts'ebetso e bitsoa interesterification ho ntlafatsa mokhoa oa matsoho le ho o nolofatsa. Bothata ke hore lipatlisiso ha li hlake hantle hore na mafura ana a thahasellisang a tla ama likarolo tsa k'holeseterole le lefu la pelo joang.
Thuto ea 2017 e ile ea tlisa matšoenyeho a mang ka lihlahisoa tse thahasellisang. Le hoja thuto ena e ne e etsoa ka litoeba eseng batho, e fumane hore motsoako oa 'mè oa ho thahasella mafura a susumelitsoe ke methapo ea lipilisi sebeteng sa bana ba hae ba baholo. Hase feela hore ho noa lihlahisoa tse nang le thahasello tse ngata ho amang litoeba, empa litlhapi tse kholo li ne li e-na le tsoekere e nang le tsoekere ea mali e potolohileng karolo ea 20 lekholong ho feta litoeba tseo bo-'mè ba neng ba fepa oli ea soya.
Li-calories tse Mafura a Hydrogenated
Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore mafura a nang le lik'hemik'hale tse nang le lik'hilojule tse ngata (karolo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea oli e na le lik'hilojule tse robong ka gramme), 'me haeba u fumana e mong oa bona ka lebenkeleng, mohlomong o tla ja lijo tse sa sebelisoeng haholo e ntle haholo bakeng sa hau.
Li-Saturated vs. Li-Unatatedated Fats
Haeba u bala mangolo a lijo e ka ferekanya. Ka mohlala, mafura a hydrogenated le oli ea polyunsaturated e ka kopaneha habonolo. Mafura a Polyunsaturated , ho fapana le mafura a mangata a hydrogenated a mofuta oa "mafura a tletseng", e ka ba hantle ho uena (ka hare ho meeli.) Ithute ho eketsehileng ka phapang pakeng tsa mafura a saturated le unsaturated.
Ntho e ka tlaase ho Lihlahisoa tsa Hydrogenated
Kahoo, na mafura a hydrogenated a le kotsi bakeng sa hau? Mafura a hydrogenated ka bobeli a amana le lebaka la ho bōpa lihlahisoa tsa li-trans, le li-trans tsa fatše ha li na lijo tse nepahetseng. Haeba u fumana lihlahisoa tse fokolang kapa ka botlalo tsa hydrogenated lihlahisoa tsa lireschorente, ho ka 'na ha etsahala hore li fumanoe lijong tse sebelisoang haholo-lijo tseo hangata li sa pheleng hantle. E le hore sena se sebetse haholoanyane, hlahloba tse ling tsa lijo tse nang le mafura a tletseng hantle a ka qojoang ka ho fetisisa.
Litsebi tse ngata tsa phepo e nepahetseng hona joale li buella ho reka mabenkeleng a lebenkele. Lijo tse se nang mabitso, tse kang litholoana le meroho, hammoho le lijo tse sa sebetsanoeng hantle haholo joaloka lijo tse ncha le lihlahisoa tsa lebese hangata li fumanoa libakeng tse ka ntle tsa lebenkele. E le ho etsa sena ho monate, leka ho reka mabenkeleng ntle le ho tsamaea ka li-aisles, ntle le ho nka oli e meng kapa ea polyunsaturated e kang oli ea mohloaare kapa oli ea canola.
> Mehloli:
> American Heart Association. Li-Fats. http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/HealthyLiving/FatsAndOils/Fats101/Trans-Fats_UCM_301120_Article.jsp#.Wep0YVtSyUl
> Bhardwaj, S., Passi, S., Misra, A. le al. Phello ea ho futhumatsa / ho tsosolosa lihlahisoa tsa mafura / oli, joalokaha ho sebelisoa ke Maindia a Asia, ho theha Fatty Acid Formation. Li-Chemistry tsa Lijo . 2016. 212: 663-70.
> de Velasco, P., Chicaybam, G., Ramos-Filho, D. le al. Tlhaloso ea Bokhachane ea Li-Trans-Unsaturated kapa tsa Interestedified Fatty Acids Nakong ea Bokhachane le Lactation E Fetola Li-Bioenergetics tsa Mitochondrial Lieteng Tsa Mokholo e Moholo Litlhapi tsa British Journal of Nutrition . 2017. 118 (1): 41-52.
> Sekolo sa Harvard sa Bophelo ba Sechaba. Khanyetsa leseli ho Li-Trans. https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/transfats/
> Hayes, K., le A. Pronczuk. Ho Nkela Mofuta o Feteletseng oa Letsoai: Ho Kenyelletsa Mafura a Palm ho na le Tlhokomelo ea Caution ho Interesterification. Journal ea American College of Nutrition . 2010. 29 (Tlatsetso ea 3): 253S-284S.