Lipapali Tse Feteletseng li Ama Maemo a Hormone
Lipapali tse feteletseng li ntse li eketseha haholo. Sehloohong se nang le sehlooho se reng, "Lipapali tse feteletseng li molemo bakeng sa bophelo bo botle ba hau: Tlhahlobo ea phenomenological ea tšabo le ho tšoenyeha ka papali e feteletseng," Brymer le Schweitzer ba hlalosa lipapali tse feteletseng "e le boikhathollo bo ikemetseng moo mohlomong ho ka hlahisoang phoso kapa kotsi ke lefu. "
Lipatlisiso tse fokolang li 'nile tsa etsoa ho hlahisa likarabo tsa khatello ea li-hormone lipapaling tse feteletseng.
Ho feta moo, ha ho tsebe hantle hore na lipapali tse feteletseng li ama bophelo bo botle ba nako e telele hakae. Leha ho le joalo, a re ke re hlahlobeng lihlopha tse seng kae tsa lithuto tse hlahlobang phetoho ea endocrine ea lipapali tse feteletseng.
Bungee Jumping
Phuputsong ea 2014 e nang le sehlooho se reng, "Khatello ea Kelello e Bakiloeng ke Bungee Jumping e Sireletsa Tšireletso ea Motho ea Nang le Bokooa," van Westerloo le basebetsi-'moho le eena ba fumane hore bungee e fofa ka bongata ba cortisol le catecholamine.
Catecholamines e bua ka li-neurohormone, tseo e leng tsa bohlokoa litabeng tsa khatello ea maikutlo. Matšoao a phahameng a catecholamine a ka lebisa khatellong ea mali e eketsehileng, hlooho ea kelello, ho fufuleloa, pelo e otlang, bohloko ba sefuba le matšoenyeho. Dopamine, epinephrine (adrenaline), le norepinephrine (noradrenaline) kaofela ke catecholamines.
Leha ho le joalo, pakane ea thuto ena e ne e le ho fumana hore na likarabo tse matla tse arabelang khatello ea kelello-ea bungee jumping-infressed ha li arabela joang ha tsamaiso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung e arabela tšoaetsong.
Ka mantsoe a mang, bafuputsi ba ile ba hlahloba bokhoni ba lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali (leukocytes) ho secrete liphala tsa ho ruruha le ho cheka libaktheria (e leng, ho lokolla li-cytokines le phagocytose, ka ho latellana).
Ho finyella sena, bafuputsi ba ile ba fetisetsa karolo ea halofo ea li-jumping bungee ka propanol, e leng beta-blocker, kahoo e fokotsa liphello tsa catecholamine tsamaisong ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung.
Ba fumane hore khatello ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung e bakiloeng ke khatello ea kelello e itšetlehile ka catecholamines. Ho thahasellisang ke hore le hoja palo ea leukocyte e hlokometse e eketsehile nakong ea thuto, li-leukocyte tsena li ne li sa amohelehe.
Ho e-na le ho itšireletsa mafung a li-catecholamine, ho bonahala eka ka mor'a hore ketsahalo ea khatello ea kelello ea glucocorticoids e kang cortisol e thibele tsamaiso ea 'mele ea' mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung ka mechine ea nongenomic e potlakileng ho feta phetolelo ea DNA. Mekhoa ena ea ho itšireletsa e boetse e ikarabella bakeng sa liphallelo tse potlakileng tse fumanoang ke batho ba nang le phekolo ea meriana ba nkang glucocorticoids joaloka prednisone.
Qetellong, lipatlisiso tse ling li bontša hore skydiving e fella ka keketseho ea endorphins. Keketseho ena ea endorphin e baka "ho potlakela" kapa "holimo."
Ho hloella mafika
Mefuta ea Rock Climbing
Sebakeng sa theknoloji ea majoe a sa lefelloeng, mokhoa oo motho ea nyolohelang ho oona a nyolohang ka oona ke oa bohlokoa haholo. Nakong ea ho nyoloha ho hloekileng, motho ea hloekileng o etsa ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ntle le thuso-ha ho na ho leketlisa, ho oela, kapa ho hula thepa e le molemo.
Ha ho e-na le ho hloa pele, motho ea kokotang o etsa hore mohala o kenngoe lintlheng tsa ts'ireletso nakong ea ho nyoloha ka tsela eo a hlahisang matloana a hloekileng. Ntle le moo, ho hloa mehala e holimo ho akarelletsa thapo e tiisitsoeng ka holimo ho hloa.
Thapo ena e ka sebelisoa ho thusa nakong ea ho hloa. Ka mefuta e 'meli ea ho hloa majoe, thapo e sireletsa mohlokomeli hore a se ke a oa.
Ho nyoloha hoa pele ho thata ho feta ho hloa mehala e holimo. Ho nyoloha pele holimo ho boetse ho nkoa e le habohlokoa haholo ke li-climbers tse matla haholo. Ho hloa lithapo ka holimo ho etsoa ke ba qalang hammoho le ba nang le phihlelo ha ba ntse ba ikoetlisa.
Karabo ea Hormonal
Phuputsong e nang le "Hormone likarabo ho phahama e tsoelang pele ea ho hloa majoe ho banna," Sherk le ba-co-mongoli ba ile ba lekanya litekanyetso tsa testosterone, ho hōla hormone le cortisol ho bahlankana ba 10 ba majoe ba majoe ba bacha ha ba ntse ba nyoloha ka lebelo le bophahamo ba 55 ° tsela bakeng sa metsotso e 30.
Ka ho hlakileng, thaba e ne e le thapo e holimo.
Batho ba neng ba nyoloha ka majoe ka majoe ba ne ba le boemong ba tsebo ea boipheliso, bo bonahalang bo le boemong bo botle, 'me ba se na khatello ea kelello e sa laoleheng kapa ea asthma. Batho ba neng ba nyoloha le bona ba ne ba sa nke meriana ea corticosteroid ..
Bafuputsi ba fumane hore ho hloa majoe ka nakoana ho ile ha phahamisa testosterone ea plasma le li-hormone tsa ho hōla empa ho ne ho se na phetoho e boletsoeng ka maemong a cortisol. Testosterone le hormone ea ho hōla li thusa ho tsamaisa mesifa ea 'mele,' me cortisol e khothalletsa ho senyeha ha protheine. Ho feta moo, li-hormone tse eketsehileng le cortisol li eketseha nakong ea boikoetliso bo matla.
Kantle le ho fetoha ha maemo a cortisol, liphello tsa thuto ea morao-rao li lumellana le lipatlisiso tse fetileng. Ho ea ka bangoli:
Testosterone, cortisol le GH [kholo ea hormone] li 'nile tsa bontšoa liphuputsong tse' maloa tse eketsehileng ka mor'a hore li se ke tsa koetlisoa le ho ikoetlisa ka banna, ho na le li-hormone le boholo ba karabo ho itšetlehile ka maemo a kang lilemo, ho fepa le ho koetlisa maemo, le ho sebelisa matla le nako.
Bafuputsi ba bolela hore ba hahiloeng ba nyoloha ba eketseha ka catecholamines joaloka adrenaline. Nakong ea thaba, climbers ba ile ba e-ba le keketseho ea matšoenyeho ho latela bothata ba ho hloa. Bafuputsi le bona ba ile ba re:
Nako ea protocol ena e ka 'na eaba e ile ea baka mocheso oa pelo, mohlomong o amanang le mocheso oa motsoako oa motsoako, mohlomong o eketseha maemong a catecholamine, palo e fokolang ea stroke kapa ho eketseha ha pelo ea metsoako ho tloha karolong e ka holimo ea' mele.
Skydiving
Ho ka etsahala hore ha ho makatse hore ho tsoa ka sefofane se nang le parachute ke mohatelli o loketseng oa kelello bakeng sa thuto ea saense. Ha e le hantle, li-skydivers li tsitlella hore ho na le monyetla oa hore motho a shoe ka lebaka la ho potlaka.
Le hoja skydiving e se e le phihlelo ea kelello, ho potlakela ho ba teng nakong ea tsoalo ke khatello ea 'mele, e leng ho fetola ho phalla ha mali le ho eketsa maemo a cortisol le catecholamine ea plasma.
Phuputsong e nang le "Likarabo tsa Hormonal ho Khatello ea Kelello ea Maiketsetso ho Batho ba Itokisetsang Skydiving," Chatterton le basebetsi-'moho le bona ba ile ba hira baithaopi ba 26 ho hlahlojoa ka likarabo tsa kelello le li-hormone nakong ea ho qhomela ha nako ea pele. Ka karolelano lilemo tsa ho qeta nako ea pele li ne li le lilemo li 26.4 'me li-skydivers tsohle li ne li phela hantle. Ntle le sehlopha sena sa liteko, sehlopha sa taolo-se sa kang sa ea skydiving-se ile sa hlahlojoa hape.
Mona ke kamoo li-skydivers li ileng tsa sebetsana le 'mele kateng ha li fofa:
- Eketsa maemong a cortisol
- Eketsa maemong a catecholamine
- Eketsa maemong a prolactine
- Ho eketsa li-hormone tsa kholo
- Ho eketsa matšoenyehong a matšoenyeho (pele a qhoma)
- Fokotsa maemong a testosterone
Tlhokomelo, cortisol, hormone ea ho hōla, catecholamines le prolactin ke tsona li-hormone tsa khatello ea kelello. Li-hormone tsena li lebeletsoe hore li eketsehe ka tsela e lekanang le matšoenyeho a nang le phihlelo le a ts'ebeliso ea metsoako.
E boloka
Ho tsamaisoa ke mabitso a sa tšoaneng, a kang spelunking le potholing. E akarelletsa ho hlahloba lisebelisoa tsa mahaheng a sa sireletsoeng. Ho thusa ba chesehang ho tlameha ho feta likhahla tse ngata, likotsi tsa metsi, le ho tsuba ka thata. Le hoja ba bang ba spelunkers ba tšoenyeha ka ho arola nako ea phomolo e le "papali e feteletseng" -e leng ho netefatsa hore tšireletseho ke eona ntho ea pele-ho pholosa ho ka ba kotsi.
Ak'u nahane ka tlhaloso e hlahlamang ea ts'ebetso ea alpine ea Stenner le bo-mongoli ba kopantsoeng pampiring ea 2007 e bitsoang "Hormonal likarabo ho hlahloba nako e telele ka lehaheng la bophahamo ba 700 m":
Ho fapana le lipapali tse ling tse fetisisang, ho pholletsa le alpine ho ferekanya bahatelli bana ba teng ka nako e le 'ngoe. Ha e le hantle, batho ba nang le litsebi tse phahameng ba atisa ho tsamaea lihora tse 20 le ho feta, hoo e batlang e le ka nako e telele, ba apere ho hloa litepisi ho kenyelletsa maoto a ka tlaase, sebakeng se batang le se omileng 'me, ho totobetse, lefifing. Motheong oa likarolo tsena tse khethehileng tsa ho phunya, mokhoa o hlakileng oa HPA [hypothalamus-pituitary adrenocortical], lik'homphieutha tsa HP [hypothalamus-pituitary] le HPT [hypothalamus-pituitary thyroid] li ka lebelloa, 'me ha re ntse re leka likarabo tsena ho hlahlojoa ho sebelisoa mekhahlelo e latelang: serumone kholo ea hormone (GH), cortisol, hormone ea qoqotho e susumetsang (TSH), mahala ea triiodothyronine (FT3) le thyroxine ea mahala (FT4).
Phuputsong ena, Stenner le basebetsi-'moho le eena ba ile ba hlahloba karabo ea hormonal ho phunya har'a li-potholers tse hlano tse phahameng. Liphetoho tsena tsa hormone li bakoa ke ho susumetsa mekhoa ea HPA, HP le HPT. Bafuputsi ba fumane hore cortisol, hormone ea ho hōla, le maemo a mahala a ho lokoloha kaofela li eketsehile ho feta hora ea lihora tse 20.
Joalokaha ho lebeletsoe, liphello tsa thuto ena li totobatsa hore khatello e feteletseng ea 'meleng le ea kelello ea maqhubu a li-hormone a fetotsoeng. Ka hloko, bafuputsi ba nahana hore keketseho ea thyroxine e sa lefelloeng e hlahile ka lebaka la keketseho ea mafura a mafura a sa lefelloeng, e leng ntho e tloaelehileng nakong ea boikoetliso ba nako e telele ea mamello.
Liphetoho tsee tsa Hormone li Bolela'ng 'Mele?
Ka bokhutšoanyane, batho ba kenang lipapaling tse feteletseng ba tšoenyeha, ho tšoenyeha le tšabo. Li-hormone tsa khatello ea kelello-ho kopanyelletsa le li-hormone tsa khōlo, cortisol, prolactin le catecholamine tse kang adrenaline-li eketseha nakong ea mosebetsi. Ka tloaelo, li-hormone tsa khatello li nyoloha ka tsela e lekanang ho tšoenyeha le moroalo oa metsoako.
Le hoja maemo ana a li-hormone a le ka nakoana 'me li-hormone li potlakela ho khutlela qalong ka mor'a hore lipapali li phethoe, ha ho hlaka hore na ho pheta-pheta lipapali tse feteletseng le ho fetoha ha li-hormone tsa khatello ea kelello ho na le liphello tse telele tsa nako e telele.
Hape ho hlakile hore na lipapali tse feteletseng li ka eketsa maemo a mang a bophelo kapa hore na batho ba nang le maemo a itseng a bophelo ba lokela ho nka karolo lipapaling tse feteletseng. Litsebi tse ling li re batho ba nang le mathata a sa foleng ba lokela ho qoba lipapali tse feteletseng le hore ke batho ba phelang hantle feela ba lokelang ho nka karolo . Ho feta moo, batho ba nang le maemo a itseng a bophelo bo ka fetisetsoang ke khatello ea kelello-ho kenyelletsa le taolong e sa laoleheng ea lefu la pelo, lefu la pelo le asthma-ba lokela ho bapala lipapaling tse feteletseng. Ha e le hantle, batho ba nang le maemo ana ba hlahlojoa 'me ba ka' na ba se ke ba kenngoa litekong tse feteletseng tsa lipapali.
Lipatlisiso tse ngata li lokela ho etsoa pele re utloisisa hantle liphello tsa lipapali tse feteletseng 'meleng. Ho fihlela joale, liphuputso tse ngata tsa lipapali tse feteletseng li lebisitse tlhokomelo ea pelo, lisebelisuoa tsa matla, tšebeliso ea boikoetliso le lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa oksijene (VO2 max). Ka ho hlakileng, VO2 max ke pontšo ea bohlokoa ea ho ikoetlisa le mamello nakong ea boikoetliso; ke metri ea bohlokoa har'a li-physiologists.
Haeba u e-na le lipotso mabapi le bophelo bo botle ba hau mabapi le lipapali tse feteletseng-kapa hore na u lokela ho ja-ka kopo bua le ngaka ea hau. Ngaka ea hau e tla khona ho hlahloba likotsi leha e le life tse ka 'nang tsa e-ba teng le ho fana ka tataiso ka bomong.
> Mehloli:
> Chatterton RT Jr., et al. Likarabo tsa Hormonal ho Khatello ea Kelello ea kelello ho Batho ba Lokisetsa Skydiving. Journal ea Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism . 1997; 82: 2503-9.
> Hackney, AC. Khatello ea kelello ea Endocrine Reactivity e Amanang le Lipapali Tse Feteletseng . Univesithi ea Carolina Leboea.
> Sherk VD, et al. Likarabo tsa Hormone ho phallela e tsoelang pele ea majoe a banna. Europe Journal of Applied Physiology . 2011; 111: 687-693.
> Stenner E, le al. Li-hormonal li arabela ka nako e telele ho hlahloba lehaheng la bophahamo ba 700 limithara. Europe Journal of Applied Physiology . 2007; 100: 71-8.
> van Westerloo DJ, le al. Khatello e matla e bakoang ke ho qhomela ha bungee e sitisa tšoaetso ea mmele ea motho. Meriana ea Molecular . 2011; 17: 180-8.