FDA e lemosa ba bang khahlanong le mefuta e itseng ea lijo tsa leoatleng
Ka toka eohle, mefuta e mengata ea lijo tsa leoatleng tse kang saalmon, shrimp le cod li na le mercury e nyenyane ea metaboli. Ho feta moo, ho tšoenyeha ka ho sebelisoa ha mercury e fumanoang lijong tsa leoatleng hase ntho e ncha, 'me, ka kakaretso, litlhapi li na le phepo e nepahetseng haholo. Leha ho le joalo, FDA e ntse e sebetsa ho ntlafatsa keletso ea eona mabapi le ho sebelisoa ha lijo tsa leoatle ke basali ba nang le bakhachane, bo-'mè ba anyesang, basali ba lebeletseng ho ima le bana ba banyenyane.
Ka ho khetheha, libethe le ba bang ba bangata ba amehile ka tšenyo e tebileng ea kelello eo mercury e joalo e ka senyang 'meleng oa rona-haholo-holo liphello tsa li-fetus le bana ba banyenyane haholo ba ntseng ba hōla le ho ntshetsa pele.
Mercury e Etsa Joang Lijong Tsa Leoatleng?
Li-mercury li kena ka har'a lijo tsa leoatleng, tlhapi le shellfish, ka mekhoa ea potoloho.
Ntlha ea pele, mercury metallic mercury (Hg 0 ) e hlahisoang ke mekhoa ea tlhaho (nahana ka mollo oa mollo kapa ts'ebetso ea seretse se chesang) le tšilafalo (ho chesoa ha mesaletsa ea metsi) e nyolohela sepakapakeng. Hang ha e le sepakapakeng, mokelikeli ona o na le oxidized ho etsa mercury e sa tloaelehang ea mercury (Hg 2+ ) ebe o khutlela mobung oa lefatše. Libaktheria tse nang le metsi a kang li-plankton methylates le mercury (e etsang MeHg + kapa methylmercury), 'me sena se etsa hore methylmercury e kenngoe lipids kapa lihlahisoa tsa liphoofolo, e leng tsela ea ho nyolosa lijo.
Litlhapi tsa liphoofolo tse jeoang limela tse telele ka holimo ho lihlopha tsa lijo joaloka shark, swordfish le morena mackerel li qetella li bokella likarolo tse phahameng tsa mercury, li etsa hore basali ba nang le bakhachane le bana ba nang le mekhoa ea methapo e tsoelang pele ba amehe haholo-holo.
Ke Hobane'ng ha Methylmercury e Kotsi?
Mercury e nang le ionized le methylmercury bond e nang le sebabole tse fumanoang liprotheine kahoo li senya biolo ea 'mele ea rona ka litsela tse ngata le tse nyahamisang. Ka ho khetheha, mercury e baka khatello ea meriana ho lisele (ho nahana ka sebopeho sa li-radicals mahala), ho senya li-microtubules (nahana ka ho senya lisele tsa likarolo) mme ho ka ba tsa baka tšenyo ea likoloi tse kotsi.
Ha e le hantle, ha re utloisise hantle hore na mercury e re senya joang, empa seo re se tsebang ka mercury chefo e tšosang.
Mona ke litsela tse mpe tseo methylmercury e ka senyang 'mele ea rona ka tsona:
- bofofu
- lefu la cerebral palsy
- mathata a ho hōla
- bokooa ba kelello
- mokhathala
- tahlehelo ea kutlo
- ataxia (tahlehelo ea ho ithaopela ho tsamaisana le mekhoa ea mesifa)
- ho thothomela ha mesifa
- tsamaiso
- ho holofala (ka chefo e matla)
- lefu (ka chefo e matla)
- lefu la pelo (tlhahlobo e ncha ea lipatlisiso e bontša hore methylmercury e ka tlatsetsa ho atherosclerosis)
Tlhokomeliso, tse ling tsa liphello tse bohloko tsa methapo ea pelo joaloka bothata ba pherekano le bothata ba ho hōla li sebetsa ho li-fetus le bana ba banyenyane. Ka hona, FDA le mekhatlo e fapaneng ea tlhokomelo ea bophelo e hlahisitse litemoso tse khethehileng ho baahi bana.
Le hoja mercury e pota-potiloe ke sebete le liphio, e na le nako e telele ea halofo ea 'meleng. Ka mantsoe a mang, ho nka nako e telele hore re tlohele mercury e entsoeng ka lithethefatsi. Ho phaella moo, methylmercury e batla e kenngoa ka ho feletseng ho pampiri ea menoana 'me e ntle haholo ho tšela thibelo ea mali-ea boko, e leng ho etsa hore boko le mokokotlo oa mokokotlo li amehe ka ho khetheha liphello tsa oona.
Ho chefo ka methylmercury ke ntho e bolotsana, 'me ho fapana le mefuta e meng e bohloko ea chefo ea mercury, chelation le emesis (ho hlatsa) ha li hloke ho tlosa setopo sena se boima.
Ha e le hantle, thibelo ke eona feela tšireletso eo re nang le eona khahlanong le methylmercury. Ka mantsoe a mang, tsela e molemohali ea ho sebetsana le chefo ea methylmercury ke ho qoba ho kenngoa ha eona pele.
Methylmercury Lijong Tsa Leoatleng li Bolela'ng ho Uena?
Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe ke FDA le ba bang ba bangata, re lokela ho hopola hore lijo tsa leoatle ke mohloli o motle haholo oa liprotheine, liminerale le mavithamine. Ho feta moo, lijo tsa leoatleng li tlaase ka mafura a mangata 'me li phahame ho omega-3 fatty acids. Kaofela ha rōna , esita le basali ba moimana le bana ba banyenyane, re lokela ho kenyelletsa lijo tse ngata tsa tlhapi tse khotsofatsang, tse khothalletsoang le tse nang le phepo ha re ja.
Ha e le hantle, ka keletso ea morao tjena, FDA e hlile e khothalletsa bakhachane, bo-'mè ba anyesang le bo-'mè ba lebeletseng bokhachane hore ba je lijo tsa leoatle tse 8 ho ea ho tse 12 ka beke, 'me bana ba lilemo li 2 ho ea ho tse 8 ba lokela ho ja li-ounces tse 3 ho isa ho tse 6.
Ka mantsoe a mang, batho ba joalo ba lokela ho ja lijo tse ka bang 2 ho isa ho tse 3 tsa lijo tsa leoatle ka beke.
Leha ho le joalo, FDA e eletsa bakhachane, bo-'mè ba tlhokomelo, basali ba lebeletseng ho ima le bana ba banyenyane ho ja litlhapi ka tsela e tloaelehileng ka tlaase ho methylmercury joaloka tilapia, catfish le cod. Ho feta moo, limela li khothaletsoa khahlanong le tšebeliso ea shark, swordfish, morena mackerel le tilefish tse tšoasitsoeng Gulf Coast. Ho phaella moo, batho ba jang litlhapi matlong a metsi a hloekileng ba lokela ho ela hloko litlhahiso tsa sebaka ka mefuta ea mercury 'me ba hlokomele litlhapi tse kotuloang libakeng tse se nang likeletso.
Leha ho le joalo, le hoja FDA e thathamisa litlhapi tse khanyang tse entsoeng ka makotikoti e tlaase ka mercury, tlhahlobo ena e hanyetsanoa ke litsebi tse ngata tse lemosang ka ho fetisisa hore bo-'mè ba bang le bana ba banyenyane ba lule hōle le tuna.
Ke kopa u hopotse hore ho sa tsotellehe seo ke u abetseng sona ho fihlela joale, keletso ea FDA ke feela keletso . Ho tloaelehile haholo hore ho pepeseha ho fokolang lijo tsa lijo tsa tlhapi ho tla fella ka chefo ea methylmercury. Ka mohlala, haeba u imme kapa u anyesa 'me u senya le ho ja steak ea swordfish ka linako tse ling nakong ea brunch ea Valentine le molekane oa hao, ha ho hlokahale hore u tsoe ka ntle. Leka feela ho lula hole le litlhapi tse ngata ka nako e telele le ho fokotsa ho sebelisoa ha litlhapi bakeng sa beke kaofela-ntlha eo FDA e e etsang hape.
Ho sa tsotellehe ho tšoenyeha ka methylmercury lijong tsa leoatleng, Maamerika a mangata a na le mercury e mengata 'meleng ea bona-esita le har'a batho ba jang litlhapi tsa metsi a hloekileng, litlhapi tse ngata ho feta tse tloaelehileng, kapa tse peli. Ka mohlala, phuputso e 'ngoe ea morao-rao e entse hore palo ea batho ba baholo e be le maiketsetso a feletseng a EPA a mali a mercury a nkoang e le kotsi (e kholo kapa e lekanang le li-micrograms tse 5,8 ka hora) ka liphesente tse 4,6. Ho feta moo, phuputso e 'ngoe e khōlō e ile ea hakanya hore ke karolo ea 0.5 lekholong feela ea bacha ba lilemo li 1 ho isa ho tse 19 ba ngolisitsoeng mabapi le maemo a mali a mercury.
Mehloli e khethiloeng
Litsela tsa MC, Penning TM. Khaolo ea 67. Toxicology ea tikoloho: Likokoana-hloko le Metsi a Boima. Ka: Brunton LL, Chabner BA, Knollmann BC. eds. Goodman & Gilman's The Basic Pharmacological Therapeutics, ea 12e . New York, NY: Hill ea McGraw; 2011.
"Thuto ea Longitudinal ea Mercury Exposure e Amanang le ho Sebelisoa ha Litlhapi Tsa Metsi a Metsi a tsoang Letšeng la Mahaeng a Amerika Boroa USA" ka Z Dong le li-co-author tse hatisitsoeng Lefapheng la Tlhahlobo ea Tikoloho ka 2015.
"Ho ja Litlhapi kapa ho se je Litlhapi" ka R Nelson ho tloha AJN e hatisitsoeng ka 2015.
"Ntle le halofo ea Bacha ba US ba ja Lijo le Linaha Tse Ngata li na le Matšoao a Mercury ea Mali Ka tlas'a Lekala la Boitsebiso la EPA, 2009-2012" ka SJ Nielsen le bangoli ba mongoli ba hatisitsoeng ho Journal of Nutrition Nutritional Epidemiology .