Gluconeogenesis ke mokhoa oa ho etsa likokoana-hloko 'meleng ho tsoa mehloling e seng ea lik'habohaedreite tse kang lactate le pyruvate. Ke phetoho e ncha ea tsoekere e ncha, eseng ea Gluconeogenesis e ka bonoa e le mokhoa o feto-fetohileng oa anabolic oa glycolysis, ho senya le ho ntša matla a matla ho tsoa ho tsoekere.
Lijo tse tloaelehileng khahlanong le lijo tse nyane tsa Carb
Lisele tsohle tsa 'mele ea rona li ka sebelisa glucose,' me tse seng kae li itšetlehile ka eona.
Haeba u ne u ja lijo tse tloaelehileng, 'mele oa hao o fumana tsoekere e ngata ho lijo tse tloaelehileng tsa lijo tsa Amerika tseo u li jang. Ka mohlala, likhahla tse ngata (lijo tse ngata tse akarelletsang phofo, litapole, joalo-joalo) ke liketane tse telele tsa tsoekere. Ho feta moo, tsoekere e hlahang ka tlhaho e kang tsoekere e eketsehileng e ngata haholo lijong tsa batho ba bangata. Leha ho le joalo, haeba lik'habohaedreite li sa sebelisoe, 'mele o tla etsa hore glucose e tsoang mehloling e meng. Le hoja ts'ebetso ena e sebelisa matla a mangata 'me e le mokhoa oa ho fetola tsela eo' mele o fumanang matla ka eona, gluceoneogenesis ke mosebetsi o potolohileng metabolism ea 'mele oa hao ho fumana le ho boloka matla ao ho hlokahalang hore o sebetse mesebetsi e tloaelehileng ea' mele.
Gluconeogenesis le Sebele sa Hao
Mokhoa oa gluconeogenesis o etsahala haholo-holo sebeteng, moo glucose e entsoeng ka amino acid (protheine), glycerol (mokokotlo oa triglycerides , molek'hule oa mafura oa polokelo ea mafura), le tsoekere ea metabolism lipakeng tse kang lactate le pyruvate.
Lactate e hlahisoa ke ho senyeha ha mesifa ea mesifa mme e fetisetsoa sebeteng ka mali. Bosiu, ha re sa ja lihora tse 'maloa,' mele o qala ho hlahisa tsoekere e sebelisa gluconeogenesis. Tsela ena e sebetsa.
Mehato e Mehlano ea Gluconeogenesis
- Ho sokoloha ha phosphoenolpyruvic acid (PEP) ke mokhoa oa pele oa gluconeogenesis. Ho na le mehato e 'maloa e hlokahalang E le hore u fetole pyruvate ho PEP ho kenyeletsa li-enzyme tse khethehileng. Ka mohlala, pyruvate carboxylase, PEP carboxykinase, le malate dehydrogenase ke boikarabello ba phetoho ena. Pyruvate carboxylase e fumanoa mitochondria mme e fetola pyruvate ho oxaloacetate. Oxaloacetate e ke ke ea feta liphateng tsa mitochondria, ka hona e tlameha ho ba pele ho fetoha malate ka malate dehydrogenase. Malate e ka tšela lesea la mitochondria ka cytoplasm moo e fetotsoang hape e le oxaloacetate le e 'ngoe ea malate dehydrogenase. Qetellong, oxaloacetate e fetotsoe PEP ka PEP carboxykinase. Mehato e 'maloa e latelang e tšoana hantle le glycolysis feela tshebetso e ka morao.
- Mohato oa bobeli o fapaneng le glycolysis ke ho fetoha ha fructose-1,6-bP ho fructose-6-P ka tšebeliso ea enzyme ea fructose-1,6-phosphatase. Phetoho ea fructose-6-P ho "glucose-6-P" e sebelisa enzyme e tšoanang le glycolysis, phosphoglucoisomerase.
- Mohato oa ho qetela o fapaneng le glycolysis ke ho fetoha ha glucose-6-P ho ea tsoekere le enzyme glucose-6 phosphatase. Enzyme ena e fumaneha ka ho hlakolloa ha motlakase.
Bohlokoa ba Glucose 'Meleng oa Hao le Boko ba Hao
Glucose ke mohloli o matla oa matla bakeng sa 'mele le boko. Gluconeogenesis e tiisa hore ha ho se na glucose ho tswa ho glycolysis hore meeli e tebileng ea glucose e bolokiloe ha lik'habohaedreite li le sieo. Boko bo le bong bo sebelisa ligrama tse 100 tsa tsoekere ka letsatsi. 'Mele o khona ho sebelisa kapele matla a matla ka potlako.
Lisebelisoa:
Mefuta ea Litlhapi tsa Mefuta ea Matsoho ea Matla, Li-Carbohydrate, Li-Fiber, Lihlahisoa, Mafura a Lijo, Cholesterol, Liprotheine le Amino Acids (Macronutrients) (2005), Institute of Medicine, Boto ea Lijo le Lijo, National Academy of Sciences.
The Medical Biochemistry Page.com January 2016.
UC Davis. Gluconeogenesis. ChemWiki 2016.