Limatlafatsi tseo u li hlokang bakeng sa bophelo bo botle li koaletsoe lijong tseo u li jang kahoo ke mosebetsi oa hau oa ho iphelisa ho li lokolla. Ka mokhoa oa ho cheka lijo, lijo li fokotsehile ka likotoana tse nyenyane e le hore limatlafatsi li ka lokolloa ebe li kenngoa ka marako a malinyane.
Ho tla nka nako e telele haholo bakeng sa lijo e le hore feela e oe ka boeona, kahoo li-enzyme tse khethehileng tsa lijo li hloka ho potlakisa tshebetso.
Li-enzyme tsena ha li hlasele feela lijo tsohle; ba hlile ba khethehile. Ba bang ba tsamaea ka lik'habohaedreite , ba bang ba senya fatše, 'me ba bang ba roba liprotheine. Enzyme ka 'ngoe e na le khato e tobileng.
Li-enzyme tse ngata li lokolloa 'me li sebetsa mala a hao a manyenyane, empa tse seng kae tsa tsona li lokolloa liphatseng tsa lefats'e molomong oa hao le ka mpeng.
Enzymes e kholo ea Digestive
Mona ke li-enzyme tse ka sehloohong tsa ho ja, moo li entsoeng teng, le seo ba se etsang:
Salivary amylase. E entsoe le ho lokolloa ka litšoelesa tse hlabang molomong oa hau. Amylase ea salivary e senya sethopo ho ea ka liketane tse khutsoanyane tsa limolek'hule tsa tsoekere. E sebetsa molomong, empa hang ha lijo li fihla ka mpeng ea hau, pH ea acidic ea e thibela.
Lingual lipase. E entsoe ke litšoelesa tsa serous ka leleme la hao le ka morao molomong oa hao. Lingual lipase e sebetsa molomong le ka mpeng. E roba li-triacylglycerol (mafura) a mahareng le a nako e telele ka likaroloana tse nyenyane.
Pepsin. Ntho e ka sehloohong ea enzyme ea ho senya lijo ka mpeng.
Lisele tse ka hare ka mpeng li etsa pepsinogen, e fetoletsoeng ho pepsin ka tikoloho ea acid e ka mpeng. Li-pepsin li pshatla liprotheine ho fihlela li-polypeptides le li-amino acid.
Gastric lipase. E 'ngoe ea likokoana-hloko tse senyang tse entsoeng ke mpa. E tšoana le lipase tsa lipalesa, empa e fokotsa makhetlo a mahlano le a mahareng a triacylglycerol.
Lingual le gastric lipase ke tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa nakong ea bongoaneng hobane li senya mafura a fumanoang lebese la 'm'a.
Amylase ea Pancreatic. Enzyme ena e entsoe ke li-pancreas 'me e kenngoa ka maleng a manyenyane. Amylase ea pancreatic e qhaqha likhahla tse nyane tsa khase le maltose.
Pancreatic lipase . E 'ngoe ea enzyme ea pancreatic e entsoe le ho patela mala a manyenyane. Pancreatic lipase breaks triacylglycerols ho diacylglycerols, monoacylglycerols, le mafura a mafura a mafura le glycerol.
Trypsin le chymotrypsin. Li-enzyme tsena tse peli tsa pancreatic li senya liprotheine. Ba pshatla liprotheine le polypeptides hore e be li-polypeptides tse khutšoanyane.
Peptidases. Li-enzyme tsena li entsoe ka maleng a mangata, ntle le a le mong (carboxypeptidase), e leng e entsoeng ke li-pancreas. Li-peptidase li sebetsa ka maleng 'me li nka moo li-trypsin le pepsin li tlohang teng ho fokotsa li-polypeptides ho motho ka mong oa amino acid.
Li-enzyme tsa tsoekere. Li-enzyme tsena tse 'nè kaofela li entsoe' me li lokolloa ke lisele tse ka holim'a mala a manyenyane. Enzyme e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e sebetsa ka tsoekere e fapaneng:
- Qetella. Khafu ea sucrose (tefo ea tafole) e kenang harese le fructose.
- Lactase. Ena e qhaqha lactose (tsoekere ea lebese) ho ea ka khase le galactose.
- Maltase. Ho qhaqha maltose hore e be tsoekere.
- Dextrinase. Ho khaola lik'hemik'hale tsa li-glucose ka lihlopha tsa motho ka mong.
Lisebelisoa:
Gropper SS, Smith JL, Groff JL. "Phepo e nepahetseng le Metabolism ea Batho." Khatiso ea Botšelela. Belmont, CA Khamphani ea Wadsworth Publishing, 2013.
Smolin LA, Grosvenor, MB. "Phepo e nepahetseng: Saense le Likōpo." Khatiso ea Boraro. Wiley Publishing Company, 2013.
Lefapha la Bophelo le Lits'ebeletso tsa Botho United States, National Diseases Clearinghouse Clearinghouse (NDDIC). "Tsamaiso ea hau ea Digestive le kamoo e sebetsang kateng." http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/Anatomy/your-digestive-system/Pages/anatomy.aspx.