Ashtanga (e boetse e ngotsoe Astanga) e bolela "maoto a robeli" Sanskrit, e bolelang maoto a robeli a yoga a behiloeng ho Yoga Sutras ea Patanjali . Tsela ea Ashtanga ea mokhoa e tloaelehileng e ne e fetoleloa ke T. Krishnamacharya le Sri K. Pattabhi Jois ho tsoa litemaneng tsa boholo-holo tse bitsoang Yoga Korunta , tseo ba neng ba bolela hore li hlalositse tsamaiso e ikhethang ea hatha yoga e entsoeng ke Vamana Rishi.
Pattabhi Jois ke mang?
K. Pattabhi Jois (1915-2009) o ile a qala lithuto tsa hae tsa yoga le Krishnamacharya, Mysore, India ha a le lilemo li 12. O ile a e-ba moetapele le mosuoe oa Ashtanga yoga, e leng letoto la liketsahalo tse etsoang ka mokhoa o phallelang oa vinyasa . Ka 1962, o ile a hatisa phetolelo ea hae ho Ashtanga yoga, Yoga Mala . Liithuti tsa hae tsa pele tsa bophirimela li ile tsa qala ho fihla Mysore mathoasong a bo-1970. Ka bona, Ashtanga e fetela ka bophirimela mme e susumelitse haholo tsela ea yoga e sebelisoang kajeno. Ka mor'a hore Pattabhi Jois a shoe ka 2009, setloholo sa hae Sharath se ile sa nka karolo ea boeta-pele, ho akarelletsa le ho ruta liithuti tse ngata tse tsoelang pele ho ea Mysore e le ho matlafatsa litloaelo tsa bona.
Mokhoa oa Ashtanga o hatisa letsatsi le leng le le leng ka vinyasa ea ho phefumoloha ho sebelisa phefumoloho ea ujjayi , mula bandha , banddiyana bandha le drishti . Ho na le lihlopha tse tšeletseng tse fapaneng tsa Ashtanga, tseo seithuti se tsoelang pele ka nako ea sona.
Mabapi le Sehlopha sa Phatlalatso ea Ashtanga
Ea pele, kapa e ka sehloohong, lihlooho li hlalositsoe ho Yoga Mala . Letoto la sehlooho le bitsoa Yoga Chiutsa, le bolelang phekolo ea yoga. E reretsoe ho fetola mokokotlo, ho senya 'mele, le ho matlafatsa, ho feto-fetoha ha maemo le ho tsitsisa. Letoto la lipotso tse ka bang 75 le nka lihora tse peli le halofo ho qeta lihora tse peli ho qeta, ho qala ka lumeliso tsa letsatsi ( surya namaskara A le surya namaskara B ) le ho fetela pele ho ema, ho lutse li-poses, inversions, le morao pele ho phomola.
Sehlopha sa bobeli kapa sa bobeli se bitsoa Nadi Shodana, se bolelang ho hloekisa tsamaiso ea methapo. E hloekisa le ho matlafatsa tsamaiso ea methapo le mechine e poteletseng ea matla 'meleng. Letoto lena le hlahisoa feela ha seithuti se tseba lintlha tse ka sehloohong. E latela mokhoa o ts'oanang (litemeliso tsa letsatsi, li eme, li lutse joalo-joalo) joalo ka lihlooho tse kholo, empa li hlahisa maikutlo a macha le mefuta e sa tšoaneng.
Lihlooho tse 'nè tse tsoetseng pele li bitsoa Sthira Bhaga, e bolelang botsitso ba bomolimo. Pattabhi Jois o ile a hlalosa lihlooho tse peli tse tsoetseng pele tse matla, empa hamorao a li arola likarolong tse 'nè ho etsa hore li fumanehe ho batho ba bangata. Lihlooho tsena li hatisa litekanyo tse thata tsa matsoho 'me li loketse liithuti tse tsoetseng pele haholo. Ho na le liithuti tse fokolang haholo tse sebetsang ho feta lihlooho tsa bobeli.
Likarolo tsa Ashtanga: Led le Self-Led
Mekhatlo e mengata ea yoga e fana ka lihlopha tsa Ashtanga tse etellang pele, ho bolela hore mosuoe o etella pele tlelase 'me o laela liithuti ka tatellano ea likarabo, hangata lihloohong tse ka sehloohong kapa tsa bobeli. Hangata liithuti li ka khetha ho itlhokomela, kapa mokhoa oa Mysore mokhoa o tloaelehileng. Ona ke monyetla oa ho itloaetsa ka boithatelo ba bona le boemo ba bona ba bokhoni, empa ho ba le sehlopha sa liithuti tse ling le ka khothatso le keletso ea mosuoe, ha ho hlokahala.
Mokhoa oa Mysore, seithuti se beha mong le e mong ka mokhoa o latellanang 'me se fuoa matla a macha a ho sebetsa ke matichere ha a ntse a itokiselitse. Ashtanga e ka ba motheo o motle bakeng sa basebetsi ba lehae hang ha ba tseba ho latellana ha maemo.
Na Ashtanga Bakeng sa Uena?
Ashtanga yoga e tumme haholo 'me e susumetsa botšepehi bo matla ho liithuti tsa eona. Mokhoa ona o matla, oa baatlelete oa boithabiso o ipiletsa ho ba ratang maikutlo le ba ratang ho etsa lintho ka boithaopo.
Tataiso ea rona ho Ashtanga Text e tla u thusa hore u phutholohe ka mantsoe a khethehileng a mokhoa ona.